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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

382
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
382

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Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Basics of Multivariate Analysis in Neuroimaging Data
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Machine Learning Algorithms in Neuroimaging: An Overview.

Vittorio Stumpo1, Julius M Kernbach2,3, Christiaan H B van Niftrik1

  • 1Machine Intelligence in Clinical Neuroscience (MICN) Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement
|December 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly used in neuroimaging. This chapter explains deep learning (DL) algorithms like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for analyzing brain scans.

Keywords:
ClassificationConvolutional neural networkDeep learningGenerative adversarial networkMachine learningSegmentation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Machine Learning
  • Radiomics

Background:

  • Machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) applications are rapidly expanding in neuroimaging, with growing clinical adoption.
  • Deep learning (DL), a subset of ML, utilizes multi-layered algorithms to identify complex patterns in large datasets.
  • The synergy of ML with radiomics enhances medical image characterization and aids in prognosis and outcome prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize fundamental concepts of ML in neuroimaging.
  • To discuss technical aspects of key DL algorithms, specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs).
  • To provide a theoretical foundation for understanding ML applications in neuroimaging.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on deep learning algorithms, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs).
  • Exploration of radiomics for feature extraction from medical images.
  • Review of ML techniques applied to neuroimaging data analysis.

Main Results:

  • ML and radiomics offer valuable tools for enhanced image characterization.
  • These techniques show promise for improved prognosis and outcome prediction in neurological conditions.
  • The chapter details practical applications such as image reconstruction, synthesis, registration, segmentation, and classification.

Conclusions:

  • ML, particularly DL, provides powerful methods for advancing neuroimaging analysis.
  • Understanding CNNs and GANs is crucial for leveraging ML in clinical neuroimaging.
  • The discussed applications demonstrate the transformative potential of ML in neuroimaging for diagnosis and patient management.