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Updated: Oct 11, 2025

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Tef: a tiny grain with enormous potential.

Aiswarya Girija1, Habte Jifar2, Chris Jones3

  • 1Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, UK.

Trends in Plant Science
|December 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tef, a nutritious Ethiopian cereal, faces challenges like lodging and drought that limit its potential. Harnessing its genome sequence can improve this underutilized crop for global food security.

Keywords:
Tefcerealgluten-freelivestocknutritionorphan crop

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Genetics
  • Food Security

Background:

  • Tef is a highly nutritious, gluten-free cereal crop native to Ethiopia.
  • It possesses significant food and feed potential.
  • Tef productivity is constrained by factors including lodging, weed infestation, terminal drought, small seed size, and shattering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of tef as an underutilized crop.
  • To emphasize the need for genetic improvement following the availability of tef genome sequences.
  • To underscore the potential of tef in enhancing food security.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on tef cultivation and challenges.
  • Analysis of the implications of newly available tef genome sequences.
  • Identification of key agronomic and genetic factors affecting tef productivity.

Main Results:

  • Tef's nutritional value and dual food-feed potential are confirmed.
  • Several critical factors limiting tef yield have been identified.
  • The availability of tef genome sequences presents a new opportunity for crop improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic insights into tef can drive advancements in breeding programs.
  • Addressing the identified constraints through genetic approaches can significantly boost tef production.
  • Enhanced tef cultivation can contribute substantially to food security, particularly in vulnerable regions.