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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

236
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Brain Entropy Study on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Resting-State fMRI.

Xi Jiang1,2, Xue Li1,2, Haoyang Xing1,2

  • 1Magnetic Resonance Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|December 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Brain entropy measures like approximate entropy (ApEn) and fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) show significant differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients compared to controls. FuzzyEn demonstrates superior accuracy for brain entropy analysis.

Keywords:
OCDapproximate entropybrain entropyfMRIfuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn)sample entropy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Brain entropy is a potential biomarker for mental health disorders.
  • Variations in calculating brain entropy can lead to diagnostic challenges.
  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a key tool for assessing brain function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the statistical differences of approximate entropy (ApEn), sample entropy (SampEn), and fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) in the brain.
  • To investigate the physiological basis of these differences using obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and healthy controls (HC).
  • To evaluate the sensitivity and robustness of different entropy measures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized resting-state fMRI data from OCD patients and HC.
  • Calculated ApEn, SampEn, and FuzzyEn at voxel and AAL region levels.
  • Analyzed statistical differences between groups and tested entropy measures with noisy signals.

Main Results:

  • OCD patients exhibited significantly higher ApEn and FuzzyEn across most brain regions compared to HC.
  • ApEn revealed more significant differences between OCD and HC than FuzzyEn.
  • No statistically significant differences in SampEn were found between OCD and HC groups.

Conclusions:

  • Brain entropy serves as a valuable index of brain function and a potential supplementary biomarker for mental health diagnosis.
  • FuzzyEn is recommended for brain entropy analysis due to its superior accuracy, sensitivity, stability, and robustness.
  • ApEn and FuzzyEn show promise in differentiating OCD from healthy states, while SampEn does not.