Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Storage01:23

Storage

154
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
154
Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

684
Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
684
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

1.2K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
1.2K
Mnemonic Devices01:23

Mnemonic Devices

201
Mnemonic devices are cognitive tools that facilitate memory retention by linking new information to familiar patterns or organizational strategies. These techniques are beneficial for remembering complex or lengthy sets of information by simplifying and structuring them in easily retrievable ways.
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...
201
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

1.3K
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
 Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
1.3K
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

645
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
645

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dynamic drives allow independent control of material bits for targeted memory.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Aging of amorphous materials under cyclic strain.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Hysteretic slit-snapping and multistability in buckled beams with partial cuts.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Transition graphs of interacting hysterons: structure, design, organization and statistics.

Royal Society open science·2025
Same author

Roadmap for animate matter.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2025
Same author

Exotic mechanical properties enabled by countersnapping instabilities.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same journal

Tau protein as a regulator of mitochondrial function and dynamics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

A scalable, dividing cell model for the robust propagation and quantification of human sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease prions.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Epigenetic regulation of mesenchymal BMP signaling directs postnatal organ innervation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Single-shot wide-field biochemical imaging at 1 kHz frame rate.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Morphogenesis and topological evolution of a frustrated nematic liquid crystal under confinement.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

B cell-intrinsic CXCR3 drives efficient generation of ectopic pulmonary germinal center responses to influenza A virus infection.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
08:49

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices

Published on: January 22, 2018

13.1K

Complex pathways and memory in compressed corrugated sheets.

Hadrien Bense1, Martin van Hecke2,3

  • 1AMOLF, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands; hbense.h@gmail.com.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers used compressed elastic sheets to observe and control complex material pathways. This reveals new memory effects and computation possibilities in materials, impacting soft robotics and information processing.

Keywords:
mechanical instabilitymechanical metamaterialmemory

More Related Videos

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System
10:09

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System

Published on: October 1, 2019

6.8K
Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices
09:30

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices

Published on: October 16, 2019

7.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
08:49

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices

Published on: January 22, 2018

13.1K
Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System
10:09

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System

Published on: October 1, 2019

6.8K
Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices
09:30

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices

Published on: October 16, 2019

7.1K

Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear dynamics
  • Materials science
  • Complex systems

Background:

  • Complex materials exhibit nonlinear responses with multiple metastable states.
  • These pathways encode memory effects but lack experimental observation tools.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for information processing in materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for observing and manipulating complex multistep pathways in driven materials.
  • To explore the full breadth of these pathways and their underlying mechanisms.
  • To investigate the role of material bit interactions in pathway behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Compression of corrugated elastic sheets to create controlled pathways.
  • Manipulation of sample boundaries to elicit specific pathways.
  • Encoding pathway states using binary material bits (hysterons).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated precise observation and manipulation of reproducible, geometry-controlled pathways.
  • Identified three distinct pathway types (Preisach, scrambled, accumulator) based on hysteron interaction strength.
  • Showcased elementary computation using accumulator pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Compression of elastic sheets provides a versatile platform for studying complex material dynamics.
  • Hysteron interactions significantly influence pathway behavior, leading to novel phenomena.
  • This work enables new avenues for probing, controlling, and utilizing complex pathways in materials for applications.