Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.2K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.2K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

8.4K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
8.4K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.8K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.8K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.5K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
3.5K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.5K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.5K
Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis01:14

Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis

3.6K
Malonic ester synthesis is a method to obtain α substituted carboxylic acids from ꞵ-diesters such as diethyl malonate and alkyl halides.
3.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enzymes for Synthesis and Degradation of Bio-Based Polyesters: Automatic In Silico Screening and Experimental Validation.

ChemSusChem·2026
Same author

Intelligent Biopolymer-Based Films for Food Quality Monitoring.

Polymers·2026
Same author

A Comprehensive Review of Azelaic Acid Pharmacological Properties, Clinical Applications, and Innovative Topical Formulations.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Integrating Computational and Experimental Methods for the Rational Ecodesign and Synthesis of Functionalized Safe and Sustainable Biobased Oligoesters.

Polymers·2025
Same author

Exploring the Synthesis of Lactic Acid from Sugarcane Molasses Collected in Côte d'Ivoire Using <i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> ATCC 9338 in a Batch Fermentation Process.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Cellulose Nanocrystals and Rice Husk Surface Functionalization Induced by Infrared Thermal Activation.

ChemSusChem·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
10:22

Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer

Published on: November 30, 2020

3.6K

Azelaic Acid: A Bio-Based Building Block for Biodegradable Polymers.

Anamaria Todea1, Caterina Deganutti1, Mariachiara Spennato1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.

Polymers
|December 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Azelaic acid, derived from oleic acid, is a sustainable monomer for creating biodegradable polymers, plasticizers, and lubricants. This review explores its production and application in eco-friendly materials.

Keywords:
azelaic acidbio-based monomersbio-based polymersbiocompostabilitybiodegradability

More Related Videos

Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?
14:20

Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?

Published on: June 13, 2014

16.8K
Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste
08:14

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Published on: July 18, 2025

483

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
10:22

Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer

Published on: November 30, 2020

3.6K
Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?
14:20

Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?

Published on: June 13, 2014

16.8K
Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste
08:14

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Published on: July 18, 2025

483

Area of Science:

  • Green Chemistry
  • Polymer Science
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Azelaic acid is a nine-carbon dicarboxylic acid.
  • Industrially sourced from oleic acid.
  • Possesses valuable pharmacological properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review the production of azelaic acid from oleic acid.
  • Discuss chemical and enzymatic synthesis of bio-based polymers.
  • Evaluate properties like biodegradability and biocompostability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of azelaic acid production.
  • Analysis of synthesis methods for oligo- and polyesters.
  • Assessment of polymer properties.

Main Results:

  • Azelaic acid serves as a key bio-based monomer.
  • Sustainable polymers, plasticizers, and lubricants can be synthesized.
  • Demonstrated biodegradability and biocompostability of derived materials.

Conclusions:

  • Azelaic acid is a versatile, bio-based building block.
  • Facilitates the development of sustainable and biodegradable materials.
  • Highlights the potential for eco-friendly chemical synthesis.