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This study introduces a novel bio-based polyurethane (PU) dispersion for eco-friendly textile coatings. The developed coating demonstrates excellent durability and performance, offering a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based PU.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Textile Engineering
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Polyurethane (PU) coatings are vital for technical textiles, but traditional solvent-based and water-based options have environmental drawbacks.
  • The increasing demand for sustainable materials and reduced CO2 emissions drives interest in bio-based polymers from renewable resources.
  • Current applications of bio-based coatings on textiles remain limited, highlighting a need for viable alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of a bio-based anionic PU dispersion as an environmentally friendly substitute for petroleum-based PU in textile coating applications.
  • To characterize the chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the novel bio-based PU coating.
  • To evaluate the performance of the bio-based PU coating in terms of durability and resistance to various environmental factors.

Main Methods:

  • Bio-based anionic PU dispersion was applied to textiles using the knife-over-roll coating technique.
  • Chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties were assessed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile testing.
  • Performance evaluation included antimicrobial properties, fire retardancy (ISO 15025), hydrostatic pressure resistance (initial and after washing), QUV ageing, and hydrolysis resistance tests.

Main Results:

  • The bio-based PU coating demonstrated compliance with the ISO 15025 fire retardancy standard.
  • Excellent resistance to hydrostatic pressure, QUV ageing, and hydrolysis was observed.
  • The coating also exhibited good wash fastness at 40 °C, indicating robust durability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bio-based anionic PU dispersion presents a promising, eco-friendly alternative to conventional petroleum-based PU coatings for technical textiles.
  • The coating offers a favorable balance of performance properties, including durability, resistance, and fire retardancy.
  • This research contributes to the advancement of sustainable materials in the textile industry.