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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports
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Selective Solvolysis of Bio-Based PU-Coated Fabric.

David De Smet1, Jente Verjans1, Myriam Vanneste1

  • 1Centexbel, Technologiepark 70, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.

Polymers
|December 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel method for recycling polyurethane (PU)-coated textiles. A selective solvolysis process effectively separates bio-based PU coatings from polyester fabrics, enabling material recovery and reducing textile waste.

Keywords:
bio-basedcoatingfabricpolyurethane (PU)solvolysis

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Textile Engineering
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Polyurethane (PU) coatings enhance textile durability but pose end-of-life challenges due to non-biodegradability and lack of recycling options.
  • Growing demand for sustainable materials has led to the development of bio-based PUs to reduce the carbon footprint of textile coatings.
  • Current disposal methods for PU-coated textiles include landfilling and incineration, highlighting the urgent need for effective recycling strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a selective solvolysis method for recycling polyester (PET) fabrics coated with bio-based polyurethane.
  • To assess the feasibility of separating PU coatings from PET substrates using a zinc chloride aqueous solution.
  • To characterize the properties of recycled PET and analyze the chemical composition of the recovered PU.

Main Methods:

  • Selective solvolysis of a bio-based PU-coated PET fabric using a 70% ZnCl2 aqueous solution.
  • Separation of the PU coating from the PET fabric post-solvolysis.
  • Characterization of virgin and recycled PET using tensile strength tests, Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC).
  • Analysis of solvolysis fractions to identify the chemical breakdown products of the PU.

Main Results:

  • The 70% ZnCl2 aqueous solution effectively achieved selective solvolysis, enabling easy separation of the bio-based PU coating from the PET fabric.
  • Characterization confirmed the integrity of the recycled PET, with properties comparable to the virgin material.
  • Analysis of the solvolysis byproducts indicated that the PU was successfully converted into its original polyol and isocyanate components.

Conclusions:

  • Selective solvolysis using ZnCl2 offers a viable method for recycling PU-coated textiles, facilitating the separation of coating from substrate.
  • This approach supports the recovery of both PET fabric and the constituent monomers of the bio-based PU, promoting a circular economy in the textile industry.
  • The study demonstrates a promising pathway to mitigate the environmental impact of PU-coated textiles by enabling material valorization at end-of-life.