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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Polyurethane (PU) coatings are widely used in textiles but pose environmental challenges due to landfilling.
  • Landfilling PU waste contributes to microplastic pollution.
  • Biodegradation presents a sustainable alternative for PU waste management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a biodegradable polyurethane (PU) textile coating.
  • To evaluate the biodegradation and plant toxicity of the developed PU coating.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of PU using Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
  • Assessment of coating performance, including water barrier and mechanical properties.
  • Evaluation of PU biodegradation in soil and plant toxicity through seedling emergence and growth tests.

Main Results:

  • The developed PU was thermoplastic with a melting point around 33 °C.
  • The PU coating demonstrated good water barrier and mechanical properties.
  • The PU coating achieved nearly 60% biodegradation in soil and showed no significant plant toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • A biodegradable PU textile coating was successfully developed.
  • The biodegradable PU coating offers a promising eco-friendly alternative to conventional PU in textile applications.
  • The study highlights the potential of biodegradable PU to reduce microplastic pollution from textile waste.