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[Orthognathic surgery and joint dysfunctions: benefits or risks?]
1UFR d'Odontologie de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 11 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France, Unité Fonctionnelle Dysfonctions Orales, PAM d'Odontologie, CHU de Lyon, 6-8 place Depéret, 69007 Lyon, France.
Orthognathic surgery outcomes for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are unpredictable, making it unreliable for joint dysfunction. Pre-existing joint issues significantly increase complication risks, necessitating thorough pre-operative evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Orthodontics
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Background:
- Orthognathic surgery aims to correct jaw discrepancies.
- Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are common conditions affecting jaw function.
- The relationship between orthognathic surgery and TMD requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize recent bibliographic data on orthognathic surgery and TMD.
- To analyze the effects of orthognathic surgery on TMD.
- To review consequences on condylar position and musculo-articular complications.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of articles from 2010-2020 in PubMed.
- Keywords: "orthognathic surgery" and "temporomandibular disorders".
- Inclusion of 31 relevant articles for review.
Main Results:
- Orthognathic surgery's effects on TMD are variable and unpredictable.
- Surgery is not a reliable therapy for existing joint dysfunctions.
- Risk factors for articular complications are not well understood.
Conclusions:
- Bruxism, oral dysfunctions, and psychological factors influence outcomes.
- Finite element methods are used to model condylar stress.
- Pre-existing joint dysfunction is a major risk factor, mandating pre-operative TMJ MRI evaluation.
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