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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
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Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

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Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 10, 2025

A Mimic of the Tumor Microenvironment: A Simple Method for Generating Enriched Cell Populations and Investigating Intercellular Communication
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Pulling the Strings of the Tumor Microenvironment.

Claudia Burrello1, Karin E de Visser2,3

  • 1Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Cancer Immunology Research
|December 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Targeting macrophages in cancer immunotherapy can reprogram the tumor microenvironment. This strategy promotes a coordinated antitumor immune response, offering a novel approach for lung carcinoma treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cancer Research
  • Tumor Microenvironment

Background:

  • Macrophages play a critical role in cancer, often exhibiting protumorigenic functions.
  • Understanding macrophage behavior is key to developing effective cancer immunotherapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of macrophage targeting on the tumor microenvironment.
  • To determine if modulating macrophages can induce an antitumorigenic immune response.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a lung carcinoma mouse model.
  • Employed strategies to target macrophages within the tumor microenvironment.

Main Results:

  • Macrophage targeting was shown to significantly influence the tumor microenvironment.
  • This manipulation led to a coordinated and effective antitumorigenic immune reaction.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting macrophages is a viable strategy to reprogram the tumor microenvironment for cancer immunotherapy.
  • This approach holds promise for enhancing antitumor immunity in lung carcinoma.