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A Pilot Retrospective Study Validating Noncommunicable Disease Risk Assessment Score (AMNRAS).
Arti Gupta1, S Sathiyanarayanan1, Rajeev Aravindakshan1
1Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India.
A new risk assessment score, AMNRAS, shows higher accuracy in identifying individuals at risk for Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs). This cost-effective tool demonstrates superior performance compared to existing methods, offering a promising screening solution for developing countries.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Medical Screening
Background:
- Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are leading global causes of mortality.
- There is a critical need for sensitive, cost-effective screening tools for early NCD detection in communities.
- Developing countries like India require sustainable risk assessment strategies for NCDs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a pilot, cost-appropriate, and sustainable NCD risk assessment score for India.
- To generate evidence for a reliable screening tool for asymptomatic individuals at risk of NCDs.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive retrospective study utilizing diabetic camp data from 84 patients.
- Generation of a novel 10-question, 3-measurement risk score (AMNRAS) tailored for Indian communities.
- Comparative analysis of AMNRAS against established scores: IDRS, FINDRISC, FRS, CBAC, and WHO/ISH charts.
Main Results:
- The study included 36 NCD cases and 44 controls, with significant differences in weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and blood sugar.
- An AMNRAS score >14 indicated a high risk or subclinical NCD.
- AMNRAS demonstrated the highest sensitivity (88.9%) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) (84.6%) at a cut-off of 8, with a superior Area Under the Curve (0.83).
Conclusions:
- AMNRAS exhibited higher performance parameters compared to five other tested scoring systems for NCD risk discrimination.
- Existing scoring systems showed only modest discrimination capabilities for NCD cases.
- Further validation of AMNRAS accuracy in large cohorts is recommended.
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