Bone Loss Before and After Peri-implantitis Surgery: A 7-Year Retrospective Observational Study

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Periodontology
• Oral Surgery

Background:

• Peri-implantitis, a common complication of dental implants, involves inflammation and bone loss.
• Surgical intervention (P-IS) is often employed to manage severe peri-implantitis.
• Long-term outcomes of P-IS on bone levels require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate changes in implant bone levels before and after peri-implantitis surgery (P-IS).
• To identify factors influencing bone loss following P-IS.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 134 patients undergoing P-IS between 2003-2010.
• Radiographic measurement of bone loss pre- and post-P-IS.
• Statistical analysis including Student t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient (r).

Main Results:

• Mean annual bone loss increased from 0.18 mm/year before P-IS to 0.26 mm/year after P-IS (P < .05).
• Bone loss in unaffected implants was significantly higher post-P-IS (0.29 mm/year) compared to pre-P-IS (0.06 mm/year).
• Increased bone loss was associated with more frequent clinical examinations and shorter follow-up periods post-P-IS.

Conclusions:

• Dental implant bone levels generally decreased over time, even after P-IS.
• P-IS did not prevent subsequent bone loss, particularly in unaffected implants.
• Edentulous patients showed less favorable outcomes compared to partially or single implant conditions.