Human Body Performance with COVID-19 Affectation According to Virus Specification Based on Biosensor Techniques.

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Infectious Diseases
• Biotechnology

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, emerged in late 2019, rapidly becoming a global health crisis.
• The virus's novelty and adaptability presented significant challenges, necessitating research into its transmission and detection.
• No specific cure was initially known, driving urgent scientific investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and analyze the transmission modes of SARS-CoV-2 in humans.
• To compare and analyze the latest advancements in COVID-19 detection methods.
• To provide a comprehensive overview of SARS-CoV-2 detection techniques.

Main Methods:

• Reviewed four primary SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes: Respiratory, Fecal-Oral, Ocular, and Vertical Transmission.
• Classified COVID-19 detection methods into two main categories: RNA-based detection and Biosensor detection.
• Detailed specific techniques within each category, including RT-PCR, LAMP, CRISPR, NGS, and various biosensor types (electrochemical, electronic, piezoelectric, optical).

Main Results:

• Identified and described four distinct modes of SARS-CoV-2 human transmission.
• Cataloged and explained a range of advanced diagnostic tools for detecting SARS-CoV-2.
• Highlighted the evolution of detection technologies from RNA-based assays to sophisticated biosensors.

Conclusions:

• Understanding SARS-CoV-2 transmission is crucial for effective pandemic control.
• Diverse and advanced detection methods are available for diagnosing COVID-19.
• Continued research into transmission and detection is vital for managing viral threats.