Just-in-Time Continuing Education: Perceived and Unperceived, Pull and Push Taxonomy
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 8, 2025

RBDT: A Computerized Task System based in Transposition for the Continuous Analysis of Relational Behavior Dynamics in Humans
Published on: July 17, 2021
Yusuf Yilmaz1, Dimitrios Papanagnou, Alice Fornari
1Dr. Yilmaz: Postdoctoral Fellow, McMaster University Education Research, Innovation and Theory (MERIT) Program, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Postdoctoral Fellow, McMaster University Office of Continuing Professional Development, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and Researcher and Instructor, Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. Dr. Papanagnou: Professor and Vice Chair of Education, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Associate Provost for Faculty Development, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. Fornari: Professor Science Education, Family Medicine, Occupational Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY. Dr. Chan: Associate Professor, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Associate Dean, Office of Continuing Professional Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, and Clinician Scientist, McMaster Education Research, Innovation, and Theory (MERIT) Program, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract:
We live in a world where "just-in-time" (JiT) methodologies are increasingly used. Continuing professional development (CPD), including faculty development, has the opportunity to leverage online technologies in a JiT format to further support learner engagement and program sustainability. In this article, the authors propose a model that can serve as a taxonomy for defining and implementing JiT continuing education (JiTCE). The anatomy of JiTCE describes four mechanisms to address CPD needs and delivery procedures: perceived and unperceived, as well as pull and push (PUPP) taxonomy. JiTCE PUPP taxonomy defines four components for designing and developing a program with JiT: on-demand learning, subscription-based learning, performance feedback-driven learning, and data-driven learning. These methods, as backbones, use various online technologies, which offer fundamental support for JiTCE. Delivery systems and technologies are provided as specific examples for JiTCE throughout the article. JiTCE introduces a novel taxonomy to meet continuing education needs and provides an organized approach to design and deploy programming in a sustainable way. Online technologies are evolving everyday and are an indispensable part of both clinical practice and medical education. Pull-push and perceived-unperceived axes can help guide new opportunities for instructional designers and curriculum developers to leverage best practices to align with CPD offerings, which include cutting-edge technologies.
More Related Videos
05:58Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking
Published on: August 29, 2018
10:43Eye-tracking Technology and Data-mining Techniques used for a Behavioral Analysis of Adults engaged in Learning Processes
Published on: June 10, 2021
Related Concept Videos
Incentive Theory: Pull Theory of Motivation
The theory differentiates between...
Drive-Reduction Theory: Push Theory of Motivation
Purposive Learning
Cognitive Learning
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
Nursing Interventions I: Taxonomy of Nursing Interventions
A nursing intervention is a treatment or action based on scientific concepts and knowledge from the nursing, behavioral, and physical sciences. Identifying and prioritizing nursing interventions based on the desired outcome...
Attribution Theory