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Submicron drops from flapping bursting bubbles.

Xinghua Jiang¹, Lucas Rotily², Emmanuel Villermaux^2,3

¹Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|January 5, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Smaller bubbles (<0.4 capillary length) are key producers of submicron film drops via cap flapping shear instability. This finding clarifies aerosol production from bubble bursting and substance transfer across air-water interfaces.

Keywords:

bubble film drop flapping

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Atmospheric science
Aerosol science

Background:

Bubble bursting generates aerosols crucial for cloud formation and pathogen transport.
Film drops from larger bubbles (R > 0.4a) are understood, but submicron drop production remains unclear.
Submicron film drops are the primary component of sea spray aerosols.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanism behind submicron film drop production from bubble bursting.
To explain the relationship between bubble size and aerosol yield.
To provide a framework for understanding aerosol flux and substance transfer via bubble bursting.

Main Methods:

Experimental observations of bubble bursting dynamics.
Analysis of film drop formation from bubbles with varying radii (R).
Investigation of the role of cap flapping shear instability.

Main Results:

Bubbles with R < 0.4a are the primary source of submicron film drops.
A novel mechanism involving cap flapping shear instability was identified.
This mechanism explains the observed bubble size-aerosol number relationship.

Conclusions:

The flapping shear instability of smaller bubbles is the dominant pathway for submicron film drop generation.
This research refines our understanding of aerosol production and air-water substance transfer.
The findings have implications for atmospheric processes and environmental monitoring.