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Emerging Functions of IL-33 in Homeostasis and Immunity.
Gaelen K Dwyer1,2,3, Louise M D'Cruz1, Hēth R Turnquist1,2,3,4
1Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
Annual Review of Immunology
|January 5, 2022
Summary
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is crucial for tissue repair and homeostasis. This cytokine also drives immune responses, impacting conditions from parasite expulsion to allergies and asthma.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a cytokine in the IL-1 superfamily and a damage-associated molecular pattern.
- IL-33 is recognized for its role in type 2 immune responses, influencing parasite expulsion and inflammatory conditions like allergy and asthma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolving understanding of IL-33 immunobiology.
- To highlight the critical role of IL-33 in tissue repair and homeostasis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of IL-33 functions.
- Analysis of IL-33's role in immune cell networks.
Main Results:
- IL-33 is fundamental to tissue development, homeostasis, and repair.
- IL-33 orchestrates ST2+ regulatory T cells, reparative/regulatory macrophages, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells.
Conclusions:
- The function of IL-33 extends beyond immunity to encompass tissue repair and homeostasis.
- IL-33 is a key regulator of cellular networks essential for tissue health.
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