DOMINANT AEROALLERGENS AND DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ASTHMA AND ALLERGIC RHINITIS

Allergic diseases are caused by hyperactivity of the Th2 profile of the adaptive immune system. The overproduction of IgE antibodies forms this hyperreactivity. Asthma and allergic rhinitis belong to this type of multifactorial hypersensitivity disease. The study of the factors contributing to the formation and development of these diseases is of great clinical importance. Different studies interpret the influence of these factors on allergic diseases differently. Our study aimed to identify the dominant allergens in children and adults with asthma and allergic rhinitis and investigate the influence of demographic factors on sensitization to these allergens. 964 patients with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis were tested for the presence of sensitization to respiratory allergens. Of these, 203 patients showed positive tests. Most often, positive results were observed against house dust mites, fungi and mixed-grass allergens. Such outcomes were prevalent in patients living in eastern, compared to western Georgia. The study confirmed that sensitization towards these dominant allergens is facilitated by such leading demographic characteristics as a genetic predisposition to atopic diseases, living in urban areas, peculiarities of geographical regions. Successful diagnosis of respiratory allergies and treatment and prevention is impossible without considering the dominant etiological and demographic factors. The heterogeneity of replication studies in the literature suggests that it is advisable to continue them further.