Hydrogel-Tissue Adhesion Using Blood Coagulation Induced by Silica Nanoparticle Coatings.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Hydrogel fixation to biological tissues is a critical challenge for implant development and surgical procedures.
• Existing methods often lack sufficient adhesion or biocompatibility for internal organ applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate nanoparticle coatings for enhancing hydrogel adhesion to biological tissues.
• To investigate the mechanism of adhesion mediated by procoagulant nanoparticles and blood clot formation.

Main Methods:

• Adsorption of procoagulant nanoparticle coatings (silica) onto model poly(ethylene-glycol) membranes.
• Ex vivo and in vivo adhesion testing using peeling and pull-off tests on pig liver capsules.
• Evaluation of hemostatic capabilities on liver biopsy bleeding.

Main Results:

• Nanoparticle coatings significantly increased hydrogel adhesion energy (2-4 fold) ex vivo, approaching cyanoacrylate glue performance.
• In vivo adhesion strength was initially lower but improved significantly with blood introduction (up to 4 kPa).
• Silica-coated membranes rapidly sealed liver biopsy bleeding (<30 s).

Conclusions:

• Procoagulant nanoparticle coatings offer a promising strategy for achieving robust hydrogel-tissue adhesion.
• The blood clot-mediated adhesion mechanism enhances performance in physiological conditions.
• These coatings have potential applications as improved surgical adhesives, hemostats, and sealants for biointegrated devices.