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Nonreciprocal Frequency Domain Beam Splitter.

Nils T Otterstrom1, Shai Gertler2, Eric A Kittlaus3

  • 1Photonic and Phononic Microsystems, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|January 14, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a nonreciprocal frequency beam splitter using intermodal Bragg scattering four-wave mixing (BSFWM). This quantum optical device operates directionally, preserving quantum state coherence for advanced photonic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Optics
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Nonlinear Optics

Background:

  • The canonical beam splitter is a fundamental, reciprocal component in quantum optics.
  • Nonreciprocal quantum photonic operations offer direction-selective quantum state transformation.
  • Existing quantum technologies lack efficient nonreciprocal elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a nonreciprocal transformation in the frequency domain using intermodal Bragg scattering four-wave mixing (BSFWM).
  • To establish the foundation for a nonreciprocal frequency beam splitter that preserves quantum coherence.
  • To investigate the origin and characteristics of nonreciprocity in this quantum process.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing intermodal Bragg scattering four-wave mixing (BSFWM) for frequency domain nonreciprocity.
  • Analyzing phase-matching requirements to understand the asymmetry in conversion bandwidths.
  • Measuring the nonreciprocal contrast and conversion efficiencies.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a nonreciprocal frequency beam splitter based on intermodal BSFWM.
  • Observed a significant asymmetry (76x) in conversion bandwidths for forward and backward configurations.
  • Achieved approximately 25 dB of nonreciprocal contrast over several hundred GHz with efficiencies around 10^-4.

Conclusions:

  • The demonstrated intermodal BSFWM process serves as a basis for nonreciprocal quantum photonic operations.
  • The inherent phase-matching properties create substantial directional asymmetry, enabling nonreciprocal beam splitting.
  • The process shows potential for scaling to high efficiencies for integrated quantum photonics applications.