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A Fluorogenic ONOO--Triggered Carbon Monoxide Donor for Mitigating Brain Ischemic Damage.

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This study introduces PCOD585, a novel compound that releases carbon monoxide (CO) to protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. PCOD585 effectively reduces brain damage and cell death in models of stroke.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injuries involve damaging reactive oxygen species like peroxynitrite (ONOO-).
  • Directly scavenging highly reactive radicals is challenging; targeting the longer-lived ONOO- offers a preventive strategy.
  • Carbon monoxide (CO) demonstrates neuroprotective properties during ischemic events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a novel ONOO--triggered carbon monoxide donor, PCOD585, for potential therapeutic applications in I/R injury.
  • To evaluate the fluorescence-based detection capability of PCOD585 for ONOO-.
  • To assess the neuroprotective efficacy of PCOD585 in cellular and animal models of brain injury.

Main Methods:

  • Development of PCOD585 using a carbon-caged xanthene scaffold designed for ONOO--triggered CO release.
  • In vitro assessment of PCOD585's cytoprotective effects against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in PC-12 cells.
  • In vivo evaluation of PCOD585's blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroprotective effects in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model.

Main Results:

  • PCOD585 demonstrated a fluorescence turn-on response upon ONOO- detection, enabling microscopic monitoring.
  • PCOD585 provided significant cytoprotection to PC-12 cells subjected to OGD.
  • In MCAO rats, PCOD585 reduced infarction volume, decreased cell apoptosis, and mitigated brain edema, indicating neuroprotection.

Conclusions:

  • PCOD585 is an effective ONOO--triggered CO donor with dual functionality as a fluorescent probe.
  • The compound exhibits promising cytoprotective and neuroprotective effects against I/R injury, crossing the blood-brain barrier.
  • PCOD585 represents a potential therapeutic strategy for mitigating brain damage associated with ischemic events.