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The Potential Therapeutic Effect of Orexin-Treated versus Orexin-Untreated Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem

Amy F Boushra1, Rania H Mahmoud2, Shymaa E Ayoub2

  • 1Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.

Journal of Diabetes Research
|January 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Preconditioning adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) with orexin A (OXA) significantly enhanced their ability to improve insulin sensitivity in a type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model. This novel therapeutic approach offers promising results for managing diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic disease research
  • Stem cell therapy
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder marked by insulin resistance.
  • Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) are explored for T2DM therapy.
  • Orexin neuropeptides regulate appetite and activity, with potential therapeutic implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of orexin A (OXA)-preconditioned AD-MSCs in a rat model of T2DM.
  • To evaluate the effect of OXA-preconditioned AD-MSCs on insulin resistance parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: normal control, control T2DM, T2DM treated with AD-MSCs, and T2DM treated with OXA-preconditioned AD-MSCs.
  • Assessment of serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, inflammatory markers, and HOMA-IR.
  • Measurement of glucose uptake and GLUT-4 gene expression in skeletal and adipose tissues.

Main Results:

  • AD-MSC treatment, particularly when preconditioned with OXA, significantly reduced insulin resistance markers compared to untreated diabetic rats.
  • The OXA-pretreated AD-MSC group showed a more substantial decrease in glucose, insulin, cholesterol, inflammatory markers, and HOMA-IR.
  • Enhanced glucose uptake and GLUT-4 gene expression were observed in the OXA-pretreated AD-MSC group.

Conclusions:

  • Preconditioning AD-MSCs with OXA enhances their therapeutic efficacy in improving insulin resistance.
  • OXA-preconditioned AD-MSCs represent a promising strategy for T2DM treatment in preclinical models.

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