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Tannin-based coagulants: Current development and prospects on synthesis and uses
Isabella T Tomasi1, Cláudia A Machado1, Rui A R Boaventura1
1LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
The Science of the Total Environment
|January 30, 2022
Summary
Tannin-based (TB) coagulants offer a sustainable alternative for water treatment, effectively removing pollutants and reducing sludge. These natural coagulants present a promising, eco-friendly solution for cleaner water.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Water Treatment Technologies
- Green Chemistry
Background:
- Growing global water scarcity necessitates advanced treatment solutions.
- Conventional coagulants pose environmental and health risks.
- Natural coagulants, particularly tannin-based (TB) ones, are emerging as sustainable alternatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the advantages of using tannin-based (TB) coagulants in water, wastewater, and industrial effluent treatment.
- To highlight the effectiveness of TB coagulants in removing various contaminants.
- To discuss the potential of TB coagulants as a greener alternative to conventional chemicals.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on tannin-based (TB) coagulants.
- Analysis of TB coagulant performance in treating diverse water sources and industrial effluents.
- SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) of TB coagulants.
Main Results:
- TB coagulants effectively remove turbidity, color, suspended solids, organic matter (BOD/COD), phosphates, heavy metals, and microorganisms.
- They are compatible with existing treatment systems and can act as coagulant-aids, reducing chemical usage.
- TB coagulants minimize operational costs through reduced alkalinity consumption and biodegradable sludge production.
Conclusions:
- Tannin-based (TB) coagulants represent a promising, eco-friendly approach to water purification.
- Further research and industrial adoption are needed to overcome challenges in tannin extraction, cationization, and market integration.
- Valorizing waste streams for TB coagulant synthesis enhances their sustainability and economic viability.
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