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Hand hygiene

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...

Asepsis

Asepsis

The condition of being free from disease-causing living pathogens is asepsis. Aseptic techniques include a set of standard practices to achieve asepsis. An example is the regular environmental cleaning of all parts of the healthcare facility and hand hygiene at home before preparing or eating food. Medical and surgical asepsis in healthcare practice protects patients from harmful pathogens, minimizes the risk of contamination of susceptible sites, and reduces the risk of infection transmission.

Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps

Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps

The pre-procedure steps of handwashing include removing jewelry and rolling up sleeves. However, many organizations allow staff to wear wedding rings.
The hand washing procedure itself includes the following steps. First, cover cuts, if any, on hands with a waterproof dressing. Cuts and abrasions can become contaminated with bacteria hindering the ability to clean the area thoroughly. In addition, repeated hand washing can worsen an injury. The nails must be short and clean, without nail...

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Preoperative A1c and Postoperative Infection in Elective Hand Surgery.

Timothy P Schweitzer¹, Steven L Peterson²

¹VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Tacoma, WA, USA.

Hand (New York, N.Y.)

|January 31, 2022

Summary

Optimizing hemoglobin A1c (A1c) before elective hand surgery may reduce complications for diabetic patients. While insulin-dependent diabetes increases infection risk, preoperative antibiotics might benefit those with poorly controlled hyperglycemia.

Keywords:

A1c antibiotic diabetes mellitus diagnosis elective hand surgery hyperglycemia infection specialty surgery surgical site infection

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Area of Science:

Medical Science
Endocrinology
Surgical Research

Background:

Diabetes mellitus impacts 10.5% of the US population, increasing surgical complication risks.
Elective hand surgery patients with diabetes face documented higher risks of adverse outcomes.
Preoperative glycemic control is crucial for mitigating surgical risks in diabetic individuals.

Approach:

Literature review assessing diabetes mellitus and surgical site infections (SSIs).
Focused on the correlation between preoperative hemoglobin A1c (A1c) levels and postoperative infections in hand surgery.
Evaluated the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics for diabetic patients undergoing elective hand surgery.

Key Points:

Surgical site infections and wound complications are more prevalent in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients compared to non-diabetic individuals.
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients may not exhibit a significantly higher risk of SSIs than non-diabetic patients.
Prophylactic antibiotics offer no proven benefit for healthy patients undergoing clean, elective hand surgery.

Conclusions:

Targeting a preoperative hemoglobin A1c (A1c) may reduce surgical complications in diabetic patients undergoing elective hand surgery.
Preoperative antibiotics could be beneficial for diabetic patients with poorly controlled hyperglycemia.
Further research is warranted to clarify antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines for diabetic patients in elective hand surgery.