Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Purposive Learning

Purposive Learning

E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...

Creative Thinking

Creative Thinking

Creative thinking encompasses innovative and unconventional methods for addressing challenges, often leading to groundbreaking solutions. Instead of focusing solely on enhancing existing systems, such as increasing smartphone battery capacity, creative thinking might inspire advancements like energy-efficient batteries or processors that minimize power consumption. This multidimensional approach underscores the importance of exploring novel pathways to innovation.
Divergent thinking is the...

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...

Critical Thinking II

Critical Thinking II

Critical thinking is a cognitive process with several attributes. The attributes of critical thinking include the following:

Critical Thinking

Critical Thinking

Critical thinking involves reflective and productive thinking and the evaluation of evidence. Critical thinkers seek to understand the deeper meaning of ideas, question assumptions, and make independent decisions about what to believe or do. Scientists, for instance, are often critical thinkers. Critical thinking also requires humility about what we know and don't know and the motivation to look beyond the obvious. It is essential for effective problem-solving.
Colleges and universities are...

Observational Learning

Observational Learning

Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A decade of impact: outcomes and insights from the SAGES ADOPT surgical education program.

Surgical endoscopy·2025

Same author

Intracorporeal vs. extracorporeal anastomosis preference for minimally invasive right hemicolectomy: A combined SAGES and EAES survey.

Surgical endoscopy·2025

Same author

Trailblazers in foregut surgery: Alia Qureshi, MD (Harvard university) interviews Ralph Aye, MD (providence swedish seattle).

Surgical endoscopy·2025

Same author

Estimating subnational under-five mortality rates using a spatio-temporal Age-Period-Cohort model.

Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology·2025

Same author

SAGES guidelines update to laparoscopy in the era of COVID-19.

Surgical endoscopy·2025

Same author

Spatial aggregation with respect to a population distribution: Impact on inference.

Spatial statistics·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Mixed Reality for Education MRE Implementation and Results in Online Classes for Engineering

Mixed Reality for Education MRE Implementation and Results in Online Classes for Engineering

Published on: June 23, 2023

SAGES Reimagining Education & Learning (REAL) project.

Jonathan Dort¹, John Paige², Alia Qureshi³

¹Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, VA, USA. Jonathan.dort@inova.org.

Surgical Endoscopy

|January 31, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted surgical education, leading to the development of the Re-imaging Education & Learning (REAL) project. This initiative converted traditional hands-on courses to a virtual format, enhancing procedural adoption through innovative technologies.

Keywords:

COVID-19 Education Educational framework Hands-on courses

More Related Videos

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Published on: November 24, 2021

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories

Published on: February 23, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Mixed Reality for Education MRE Implementation and Results in Online Classes for Engineering

Mixed Reality for Education MRE Implementation and Results in Online Classes for Engineering

Published on: June 23, 2023

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Published on: November 24, 2021

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories

Published on: February 23, 2024

Area of Science:

Medical Education
Surgical Training
Pandemic Response

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted healthcare systems globally.
Continuing professional development (CPD) for physicians and surgeons was disrupted due to canceled in-person meetings and conferences.
The Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) canceled its 2020 Annual Meeting, including traditional hands-on (HO) courses.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the Re-imaging Education & Learning (REAL) project, an innovative approach to surgical education.
To convert traditional hands-on (HO) courses into a virtual format.
To leverage educational concepts and simulation technologies for enhanced procedural adoption.

Main Methods:

Restructuring of HO courses in response to COVID-19 pandemic contingencies.
Development of the REAL project utilizing advanced educational concepts.
Integration of communication and simulation-based technologies for virtual course delivery.

Main Results:

The REAL project successfully converted HO courses to a virtual format.
The initiative aimed to enhance procedural adoption through innovative educational strategies.
The manuscript details the project's components, educational framework, technologies, and evaluated advantages.

Conclusions:

The REAL project represents an innovative adaptation of surgical education during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Virtual conversion of HO courses offers a viable alternative for continuing professional development.
The study evaluates the advantages and underlying framework of this novel educational format.