Plasmonic MXene Nanoparticle-Enabled High-Performance Two-Dimensional MoS₂ Photodetectors

Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has emerged as a prospective candidate for photodetection. However, due to the surface defects formed during the synthesis, the low photoresponse of 2D MoS₂ photodetectors restricts its practical applications. Here, we developed a hybrid plasmonic structure that integrates MXene nanoparticles (MNPs) and 2D MoS₂. With the introduction of MNPs, light waves are concentrated on MoS₂ nanosheets via a strong localized surface plasmon resonance. Consequently, MNPs-decorated MoS₂ photodetectors exhibit an improved photoresponse, including a higher responsivity (20.67 A/W), a larger detectivity of 5.39 × 10¹² Jones, and a maximum external quantum efficiency of over 5000%. A 150-fold enhanced detectivity (2.33 × 10¹² Jones) was achieved under 635 nm light illumination in the optimized device. These results provide an alternative approach for improving the photoresponse of MoS₂ photodetectors.