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An Outcomes-Oriented Approach to Residency Selection: Implementing Novel Processes to Align Residency Programs and
1H.A. Caretta-Weyer is assistant professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-5797 .
Summary
To reduce residency overapplication, focus on outcomes, not just logistics. This approach empowers applicants to better align with programs, addressing fears and inequities in the selection process.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Residency Selection Process
- Industrial-Organizational Psychology
Background:
- Residency application numbers have significantly increased, prompting interventions to reduce submissions.
- Current methods focus on application logistics, neglecting applicant-driven factors like fear of not matching and lack of program data.
- Existing interventions such as application caps or preference signaling do not address underlying issues of inequity or transparency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To advocate for a paradigm shift in residency selection, moving beyond logistical interventions.
- To propose an outcomes-oriented approach to residency selection, aligning with competency-based medical education.
- To leverage industrial-organizational psychology tools for defining and assessing residency training outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing job analysis from industrial-organizational psychology to define essential residency training outcomes.
- Scaffolding an outcomes-oriented selection process infrastructure using these defined outcomes.
- Connecting residency selection to longitudinal assessment and the evolving learning environment.
Main Results:
- An outcomes-oriented approach provides a framework for transparent residency selection.
- Empowers applicants to better assess program alignment, potentially reducing unnecessary applications.
- Facilitates the success of logistical interventions by addressing core applicant concerns.
Conclusions:
- Residency selection must evolve towards an outcomes-oriented model to address overapplication effectively.
- Stakeholder investment is crucial for developing and implementing new selection strategies, from program priorities to national policy.
- Shifting focus to outcomes enhances transparency and applicant decision-making, improving the overall residency matching process.
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