Bacterial mutagenicity of the tranquilizing constituents of Valerianaceae roots

The valepotriates valtrate/isovaltrate and dihydrovaltrate are considered to be the main tranquilizing constituents of drugs derived from the roots of several Valerianaceae. The decomposition products of valtrate and isovaltrate include the metabolites baldrinal and homobaldrinal, respectively, whereas the decomposition products of dihydrovaltrate do not include baldrinal-like metabolites. Purified valtrate/isovaltrate, dihydrovaltrate, baldrinal and homobaldrinal were investigated for their genotoxic activity in the Salmonella/microsome test and the SOS-chromotest. The valepotriates developed mutagenic activity in these test systems only in the presence of S9 mix, whereas both baldrinals showed mutagenic effects in both tests with and without metabolic activation.