Running a paediatric ambulatory sleep service in a pandemic and beyond

In response COVID-19, re-establishing safe elective services was prioritised in the UK. We assess the impact on face-to-face hospital attendance, cost and efficiency of implementing a virtual sleep clinic (intervention 1) to screen for children requiring level 3 ambulatory sleep studies using newly implemented ENT-UK guidelines for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) investigation (intervention 2).

(1) compare the proportion of children attending sleep clinic undertaking a sleep study before and after implementation of these interventions; (2) compare clinic cancellations and first-time success rates of sleep studies before and after intervention.

Retrospective analysis.

District general hospital paediatric sleep clinic.

Children aged 3 months to 16 years referred to sleep clinic by ENT for investigation of OSA over 3 months immediately following interventions (1 June 2020 - 1 September 2020) to the same period in the previous year (1 June 2019 - 1 September 2019).

Number of children attending sleep clinic, date of birth/age of children attending sleep clinic, number of children undergoing sleep study, diagnostic outcomes, number of appointment cancellations, number of first-time sleep study failures.

Post intervention, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of children undertaking ambulatory sleep studies, and nonsignificant reductions in appointment cancellations and in first-time sleep study failures.

The introduction of the virtual sleep clinic meant that only those children requiring a sleep study attended a face-to-face appointment, which led to reduced face-to-face attendance. There were also unintended cost-effectiveness and efficiency benefits, with potential longer-term learning implications for the wider sleep community and other diagnostic services.