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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
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Electrochemotherapy treatment safety under parallel needle deflection.

Daniella L L S Andrade1, Raul Guedert1, Guilherme B Pintarelli1

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil.

Scientific Reports
|February 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

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Deflected electrodes in electrochemotherapy (ECT) pose significant risks. A deflection of ±2 mm is unsafe, potentially causing dangerous currents or treatment blind spots, compromising cancer treatment efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Oncology
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Electrochemotherapy (ECT) relies on precise electric fields for cancer treatment.
  • Electrode damage, specifically deflection, can compromise the electric field distribution and treatment effectiveness.
  • Reusing needle electrodes in veterinary ECT has been linked to mechanical deformations like tip misshaping and deflection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate potential problems and treatment pitfalls associated with ESOPE type II electrode deflection.
  • To investigate if electroporation models can describe electrode deflection failure.
  • To compare in vitro and in silico experimental results using vegetal and tumor models.

Main Methods:

  • Performed in vitro experiments to assess electrode deflection.

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  • Developed and utilized in silico models (electroporation model) for simulation.
  • Compared experimental and simulation data using potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum) and tumor models.

    • Main Results:

    • Electrode deflection significantly impacts the electric field distribution essential for ECT.
    • A deflection of ±2 mm was identified as unsafe for ECT treatment.
    • Inward deflection can lead to dangerously high electrical current levels in tumors, not accurately predicted by vegetal models.
    • Outward deflection can create "blind spots" in the electric field coverage.

    Conclusions:

    • Deflected electrodes are not recommended for electrochemotherapy.
    • Electrode integrity is critical for safe and effective ECT delivery.
    • Current in silico models, particularly those based on vegetal tissues, may not fully capture the complexities of deflection-induced failures in conductive tumor tissues.