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Related Concept Videos

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Tendon Transfer for Wrist Extension.

Alexander J Rondon1, Michael W Aversano2, Chase T Kluemper3

  • 1The Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques
|February 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel tendon transfer technique using two flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendons to restore wrist extension in patients with radial nerve injuries, offering a viable surgical solution for improved hand function.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Neurosurgery
  • Hand Surgery

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve injuries, particularly those affecting the radial nerve, can lead to significant loss of wrist extension.
  • This functional deficit impairs grip strength, pinch, and overall hand coordination.
  • Tendon transfers are a primary surgical approach to restore wrist extension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel technique for restoring wrist extension using two flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendons.
  • To provide an effective surgical option for patients with radial nerve lesions causing wrist drop.
  • To detail the operative procedure, including tendon routing and fixation.

Main Methods:

  • A novel tendon transfer technique involving the long and ring finger FDS tendons is described.
  • One FDS tendon is routed through the interosseous membrane, while the second is routed radially around the wrist.
  • Tendons are attached to the third metacarpal bone to restore wrist extension and control forearm rotation.

Main Results:

  • The described technique offers a method to restore wrist extension in cases of radial nerve palsy.
  • Routing of FDS tendons can be adjusted to influence forearm pronation or supination.
  • Early functional recovery is expected within 3 months, with full recovery anticipated at 6 months.

Conclusions:

  • This novel FDS tendon transfer technique provides a valuable option for reconstructing wrist extension in radial nerve injuries.
  • The technique allows for tailored control of forearm rotation alongside wrist extension.
  • The synergistic nature of FDS with wrist extension facilitates straightforward patient rehabilitation.