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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

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Tuning the surface potential to reprogram immune microenvironment for bone regeneration.

Mei Li1, Xiao Chu1, Donghui Wang2

  • 1Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.

Biomaterials
|February 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Modifying implant surface potential with polydopamine coatings promotes bone regeneration by enhancing immune cell function. Lowering surface potential encourages anti-inflammatory immune responses, crucial for faster bone healing.

Keywords:
Bone regenerationImmune responseOrthopedic implantSurface potential

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Implant surface properties critically influence the immune microenvironment, impacting bone regeneration.
  • Surface potential affects immune cell behavior and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how altering titanium (Ti) surface potential using polydopamine coatings affects immune cells and bone regeneration.
  • To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of surface potential-mediated immunomodulation.

Main Methods:

  • Polydopamine coating of Ti surfaces to reduce negative surface potential.
  • Culturing bone marrow-derived monocytes (BMDMs) on modified Ti surfaces.
  • Analyzing gene expression, cell signaling pathways (FAK, PI3K-Akt-mTOR), and cytokine secretion.
  • Evaluating M2 macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo.
  • Assessing osteogenic differentiation and osteointegration.

Main Results:

  • Lowered surface potential enhanced expression of adhesion-related genes in BMDMs via FAK pathway activation.
  • Reduced surface potential promoted M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype polarization in BMDMs.
  • Inhibition of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway was identified as key to immune regulation.
  • M2-derived cytokines promoted osteogenic differentiation and improved implant osteointegration.

Conclusions:

  • Surface potential modulation is a viable strategy for reprogramming the immune microenvironment to enhance bone regeneration.
  • Polydopamine-coated Ti implants offer immunomodulatory functions beneficial for bone healing.
  • This research provides insights for designing next-generation biomaterials with tailored immunomodulatory properties.