Yerba Mate as a Source of Elements and Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Activity

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Nutritional Science
• Food Chemistry

Background:

• Ilex paraguariensis (yerba mate) is a South American plant used for a popular infusion.
• Yerba mate is known for its bioactive compounds and potential health benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantify and compare elemental and bioactive compound content in yerba mate from different origins (Paraguay, Argentina, Brazil).
• To determine the transfer of these compounds into the prepared infusion.
• To assess the antioxidant activity of yerba mate infusions.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of dried yerba mate leaves and stems for elemental content (Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn).
• Quantification of antioxidant compounds including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and caffeine.
• Preparation and analysis of yerba mate infusions to assess compound transfer and antioxidant activity.

Main Results:

• All tested yerba mate samples contained essential elements like magnesium, zinc, copper, iron, and manganese.
• Yerba mate infusions from Brazil exhibited the highest antioxidant activity.
• The highest concentrations of phenolic compounds and caffeine were found in Brazilian yerba mate infusions.

Conclusions:

• Yerba mate is a source of essential elements and bioactive compounds.
• Consumption of approximately 1 liter of yerba mate infusion daily can contribute to meeting daily requirements for these nutrients.
• Brazilian yerba mate appears to be a superior source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds for infusion.