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Related Experiment Videos

Cyclosporine nephrotoxicity.

B Ryffel, M J Mihatsch

    Toxicologic Pathology
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cyclosporine (CSA) is an effective immunosuppressant with few systemic side effects. However, CSA can cause kidney damage (nephrotoxicity) in humans, especially when combined with other risk factors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Nephrology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Cyclosporine (CSA) is a selective immunosuppressant with a favorable safety profile at therapeutic doses.
    • Unlike cytotoxic agents, CSA shows no myelotoxic, teratogenic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic effects.
    • Overdosage and specific conditions can lead to renal dysfunction, complicating clinical use.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the conditions under which therapeutic doses of CSA induce nephrotoxicity.
    • To evaluate the rat as an experimental model for CSA-induced nephropathy.
    • To explore the pathogenic mechanisms of CSA nephrotoxicity.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of experimental data on CSA effects.
    • Analysis of conditions leading to nephrotoxicity at therapeutic doses.

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  • Assessment of the rat model for CSA nephropathy.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant nephrotoxicity at therapeutic CSA doses requires pre-existing conditions like ischemia, heminephrectomy, co-administration of nephrotoxic drugs, or genetic predisposition.
    • Concomitant renal damage is a prerequisite for overt nephrotoxicity at therapeutic CSA doses.
    • The rat model exhibits morphologic and functional changes similar to human CSA nephropathy.

    Conclusions:

    • Nephrotoxicity frequently occurs in humans at therapeutic CSA doses due to unavoidable co-existing conditions.
    • The rat serves as a suitable model for studying CSA nephropathy and its pathogenic mechanisms.