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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Dairy Nutrition
  • Calf Management

Background:

  • Doubling calf birth weight within two months is a key performance indicator in dairy operations.
  • Understanding nutrient intake dynamics, particularly the interplay between milk and starter feeds, is vital for calf development.
  • Calf hydration is critical, with water intake significantly influencing dry matter consumption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline effective feeding strategies for maximizing calf growth.
  • To highlight the importance of water and starter feed availability for young calves.
  • To provide recommendations for optimizing feeding schedules based on current research and industry practices.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing feeding program data.
  • Evaluation of the relationship between milk replacer and starter feed consumption.
  • Assessment of water intake requirements relative to dry matter intake.

Main Results:

  • Multiple feeding programs can successfully double calf birth weight in two months.
  • There is an inverse relationship between milk/milk replacer intake and starter feed intake.
  • Calves require water at approximately four times their dry matter intake, and warm water is recommended in cold conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Feeding programs should strategically balance milk replacer and starter feed to optimize intake.
  • Water and starter feed should be provided earlier in a calf's life than commonly practiced.
  • Forage introduction should be timed later in the feeding program, contrary to some current practices.