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Prism (II): 127 cooling dummy experiments.

S Potente1, L Henneicke1, P Schmidt1

  • 1Department of Legal Medicine, University of Saarland Medical School, Geb. 49.1, Kirrberger Strasse, 66421 Homburg, Germany.

Forensic Science International
|March 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Prism method was experimentally validated for estimating time since death using cooling dummies. This data-driven approach showed promising accuracy, outperforming conventional methods in forensic science.

Keywords:
Brute-forceDeath timeNomogramPrismTime since death

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Biophysics
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • The Prism method, a novel approach for temperature-based time since death estimation, was previously established as a proof of principle.
  • Accurate postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is crucial in forensic investigations, with traditional methods often facing limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally validate the Prism method for time since death estimation.
  • To assess the accuracy and reliability of the Prism method across various environmental conditions and dummy parameters.
  • To compare the performance of the Prism method against conventional temperature-based estimation techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of 10 cooling dummies (5.9–26.9 kg) equipped with temperature probes.
  • Conducting 127 dummy cooling experiments (totaling 2082 hours) under diverse ambient temperatures (-14.0°C to +24.0°C) and conditions.
  • Recording, processing (cropping, smoothing), and analyzing cooling data using the Prism workflow and Python scripts.

Main Results:

  • The Prism method's cooling weight curves were confirmed, demonstrating its ability to account for factors like false ambient temperature and elevated initial rectal temperature.
  • Sub-zero ambient temperatures resulted in unexpectedly large cooling weights, highlighting a unique aspect of the method's sensitivity.
  • Overall time since death estimation errors were minimal (-0.29 h ± 5.24 h), with greater accuracy observed in the earlier stages of cooling.

Conclusions:

  • The Prism method provides a reliable and data-driven approach to time since death estimation, showing superior performance compared to conventional methods.
  • Prism's cooling weight parameter may serve as a highly individualized, case-specific metric, potentially replacing subjective estimations in forensic analysis.
  • Further adaptations of the Prism method to specific known conditions could enhance its applicability in real-world forensic investigations.