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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

122.6K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Ionic Strength: Overview01:12

Ionic Strength: Overview

1.9K
The ionic strength of a solution is a quantitative way of expressing the total electrolyte concentration of a solution. This concept was first introduced in 1921 by two American physical chemists, Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall, while describing the activity coefficient of strong electrolytes. During the calculation of ionic strength (I or μ), all the cations and anions are considered. However, the concentration (c) of an ion with a greater charge number (z) has a greater contribution...
1.9K
Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

1.9K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
1.9K
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

686
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

24.1K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Accelerated Ionic and Charge Transfer through Atomic Interfacial Electric Fields for Superior Sodium Storage.

Xueyi Lu1,2,3,4, Yuansheng Shi1, Daiming Tang2

  • 1School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.

ACS Nano
|March 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Atomic electric fields in titano-niobate/graphene heterostructures significantly boost sodium storage. This approach enhances ion and electron transfer, leading to excellent capacity and stability for sodium-ion batteries.

Keywords:
electric fieldheterostructuremetal ion batteriesnanosheettitano-niobate

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Atomic interfacial electric fields are crucial for enhancing charge transfer and electrochemical kinetics.
  • Developing efficient energy storage materials requires strategies to accelerate ion and electron transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create and investigate built-in electric fields within a titano-niobate/graphene heterostructure for improved sodium storage.
  • To demonstrate the role of atomic interfacial electric fields in enhancing electrochemical performance.

Main Methods:

  • Electrostatic assembly of unilamellar titano-niobate/graphene nanosheets.
  • Scanning Kelvin probe microscopy to detect surface potential and confirm electric fields.
  • In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for observing ion intercalation and volume changes.
  • Electrochemical testing to evaluate sodium storage capacity and cycling stability.

Main Results:

  • Built-in electric fields were successfully generated within the titano-niobate/graphene heterostructure.
  • The electric fields facilitated ion and electron transfer, resulting in a reversible sodium storage capacity of 245 mAh g-1 at 0.05 A g-1.
  • High stability was achieved with 98.8% capacity retention over 3000 cycles, attributed to homogeneous sodium ion intercalation and minimal volume expansion.

Conclusions:

  • Atomic interfacial electric fields are a promising strategy for accelerating charge transfer and improving sodium storage performance.
  • The titano-niobate/graphene heterostructure demonstrates superior electrochemical properties due to engineered electric fields.
  • This work highlights the significance of interfacial engineering for advanced battery materials.