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Stereotactic Adoptive Transfer of Cytotoxic Immune Cells in Murine Models of Orthotopic Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Xenografts
Published on: September 1, 2018
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Cell-based immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme
1Medical Center, School of Medicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia.
Oncology Letters
|March 7, 2022
Summary
Glioblastoma treatment faces challenges from cancer stem cells (CSCs) and immune suppression. This review explores systemic solutions and novel immunotherapies targeting CSCs and immune regulation for better glioblastoma outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Immunology
- Cancer Stem Cell Biology
Background:
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis and limited treatment efficacy.
- Treatment resistance is linked to glioblastoma cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are not eradicated by current therapies.
- Systemic and local immunosuppression hinders effective immunotherapy (IT) and promotes CSC survival in GBM patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate systemic solutions addressing immunosuppression in GBM.
- To evaluate methods for local immunosuppression treatment and their limitations.
- To discuss novel therapeutic targets for CSC elimination and regulation via adaptive and active IT.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on GBM, CSCs, immunosuppression, and immunotherapy.
- Analysis of systemic and local immunosuppression treatment strategies.
- Exploration of novel therapeutic targets including TGF-β inhibitors and immune checkpoint antagonists.
Main Results:
- CSCs contribute significantly to GBM's resistance to treatment and poor patient survival.
- Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) play a role in GBM-associated systemic immune suppression.
- Interactions between HSCs and cancer cells promote immune tolerance and inactivation.
Conclusions:
- Targeting CSCs and modulating the tumor immune microenvironment are crucial for effective GBM therapy.
- Novel immunotherapies and targeted agents show promise for GBM treatment.
- Understanding HSC reprogramming in GBM offers potential therapeutic avenues, including donor HSC transplantation.
