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Updated: Oct 1, 2025

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Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Csp-H Bonds Catalyzed by Yeast-Derived Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Oxygen Codoped Carbon
Zhao-Yang Ju1, Li-Na Song2, Ming-Ben Chong2,3
1College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and oxygen codoped carbon catalysts were successfully synthesized using dried yeast powder as a pyrolysis precursor. The yeast-derived heteroatom-doped carbon (yeast@C) catalysts exhibited outstanding performance in the oxidation of Csp-H bonds to ketones and esters, giving excellent product yields (of up to 98% yield) without organic solvents at low O2 pressure (0.1 MPa). The catalytic oxidation protocol exhibited a broad range of substrates (38 examples) with good functional group tolerance, excellent regioselectivity, and synthetic utility. The yeast-derived heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts showed good reusability and stability after recycling six times without any significant loss of activity. Experimental results and DFT calculations proved the important role of N-oxide (N+-O-) on the surface of yeast@C and a reasonable carbon radical mechanism.
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