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On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
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The degradation of metals due to natural electrochemical processes is known as corrosion. Rust formation on iron, tarnishing of silver, and the blue-green patina that develops on copper are examples of corrosion. Corrosion involves the oxidation of metals. Sometimes it is protective, such as the oxidation of copper or aluminum, wherein a protective layer of metal oxide or its derivatives forms on the surface, protecting the underlying metal from further oxidation. In other cases, corrosion is...
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Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
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The corrosion of steel reinforcement within concrete is a process influenced by the material's inherent properties and external factors. The high pH level of around 13, provided by calcium hydroxide present in concrete, initially protects the steel reinforcement by promoting the formation of a passive iron oxide layer on its surface.
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Chemical Passivation Stabilizes Zn Anode.

Pan He1,2,3, Jiaxing Huang1,2,3

  • 1Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|March 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel surface passivation method using KMnO4 significantly enhances the stability of zinc anodes in aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs). This breakthrough improves cycling life and corrosion resistance for grid-scale energy storage applications.

Keywords:
Zn anodescycling stabilitydefect-tolerantsurface passivation

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) are crucial for grid-scale energy storage and renewable energy integration.
  • The cycling stability of AZIBs is limited by zinc anode degradation, including corrosion and dendritic deposition.
  • Improving zinc anode performance is key to realizing the potential of AZIBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple and effective surface passivation strategy for zinc anodes in AZIBs.
  • To enhance the electrochemical reversibility and cycling stability of zinc anodes.
  • To investigate the impact of passivation on corrosion resistance and dendrite formation.

Main Methods:

  • A rapid surface passivation technique involving dipping zinc anodes in a KMnO4 solution.
  • Characterization of the protective layer formed on the zinc surface.
  • Electrochemical testing of passivated zinc anodes, including cycling stability and corrosion resistance.
  • Fabrication and testing of full AZIB cells (Zn||β-MnO2) using passivated and unpassivated anodes.

Main Results:

  • A continuous, conformal, and robust protective layer was successfully formed on the zinc anode surface.
  • The passivated zinc anode exhibited significantly improved cycling stability, extended by approximately 40 times.
  • Enhanced corrosion resistance and more uniform zinc plating/stripping were observed.
  • Full cells with passivated anodes retained 68.7% capacity after 300 cycles, compared to 7.4% for unpassivated anodes.

Conclusions:

  • The KMnO4-based surface passivation is a highly effective strategy for improving zinc anode performance in AZIBs.
  • This method addresses key challenges like corrosion and dendrite formation, leading to enhanced battery cycling stability.
  • The developed passivation technique offers a promising pathway for advancing AZIB technology for practical energy storage solutions.