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Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Surgical Bone Implantation Technique for Rat Tibia Models of Diabetes and Osteoporosis
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Trace Element-Augmented Titanium Implant With Targeted Angiogenesis and Enhanced Osseointegration in Osteoporotic

Ran Yan1, Jinhua Li2, Qianju Wu1,3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|March 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a zinc and strontium-augmented titanium implant surface to improve osseointegration in osteoporosis. The novel coating enhances early bone healing and provides antibacterial properties for better implant stability.

Keywords:
angiogenesisimplant surface modificationosseointegrationosteoporosisstrontium

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Research
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Osteoporosis compromises bone quality, hindering implant success and necessitating improved osseointegration and antibacterial properties.
  • The interplay between osteogenesis and angiogenesis is a therapeutic target for osteoporosis, yet few implant coatings address the specific angiogenic microenvironment.
  • Existing implant surface modifications often fail to account for the unique challenges posed by osteoporotic bone conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dose-dependent angiogenic effects of strontium ions on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and co-cultures with bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs).
  • To fabricate and evaluate a bioactive titanium surface doped with zinc and strontium using plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) for enhanced osseointegration in osteoporosis.
  • To assess the osteogenic, angiogenic, and antibacterial potential of the modified titanium surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of optimal strontium ion concentrations (0.2-1 mM) for enhancing vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) secretion in HUVECs and co-cultures.
  • Fabrication of zinc- and strontium-doped titanium surfaces via plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO).
  • In vitro assessment of osteogenic differentiation and antibacterial properties, followed by in vivo evaluation of bone formation and bone-implant contact.

Main Results:

  • Optimal strontium ion doses (0.2-1 mM) promoted VEGFA and Ang-1 secretion, indicating potential for early-stage angiogenesis beneficial to osteogenesis.
  • The fabricated dual-bioactive (zinc and strontium) augmented titanium surfaces demonstrated robust osteogenic differentiation and enhanced antimicrobial efficacy.
  • In vivo studies confirmed improved bone formation and bone-implant contact with the augmented titanium surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Zinc and strontium-augmented titanium surfaces effectively promote osseointegration in osteoporotic bone models.
  • The enhanced surfaces stimulate early angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation, crucial for successful bone implant integration.
  • The dual-element doping provides a promising strategy for developing next-generation orthopedic implants with improved efficacy in osteoporotic patients.