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Injury-Related Emergency Department Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Royal K Law1, Amy F Wolkin1, Nimesh Patel1
1Division of Injury Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|March 16, 2022
Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a 25% decrease in U.S. emergency department visits for injuries in spring 2020. Motor vehicle and falls-related injuries saw significant drops, while self-harm and assault visits remained stable.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic declared a national emergency on March 13, 2020.
- Mitigation strategies may have altered injury trends treated in emergency departments.
- This study examines injury-related emergency department visits before and during the pandemic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide national estimates of injury-related emergency department visits in the U.S.
- To compare injury visit trends before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- To inform clinical and public health practitioners about pandemic-related injury profile changes.
Main Methods:
- A secondary retrospective cohort study using data from 66 U.S. hospital emergency departments.
- Trained, on-site hospital coders collected data from medical records.
- Compared injury emergency department visit estimates from January 1, 2019-December 31, 2019, with January 1, 2020-December 31, 2020.
Main Results:
- An estimated 1.7 million (25%) decrease in nonfatal injury-related emergency department visits from April to June 2020 compared to 2019.
- Significant decreases observed in motor vehicle-related (23.3%) and falls-related (25.1%) injuries.
- Self-harm, assault, and poisoning-related emergency department visits remained relatively consistent with 2019 estimates.
Conclusions:
- Findings offer updates for practitioners on injury-related emergency department visit trends during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Understanding pandemic impacts is crucial for future injury prevention efforts.
- Highlights the need for continued surveillance of injury trends in public health.
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