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High-performance electro-optical switch using an anisotropic graphene-based one-dimensional photonic crystal.

Shahab Tavana, Shahram Bahadori-Haghighi, Mohammad Hossein Sheikhi

    Optics Express
    |March 18, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a novel electro-optical switch using anisotropic graphene and a photonic crystal defect. This device demonstrates efficient light trapping and switching for high-speed optical systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optoelectronics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Photonic crystals offer unique light manipulation properties.
    • Graphene's tunable electronic properties are valuable for optical devices.
    • Efficient electro-optical switches are crucial for high-speed optical communication.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and investigate a novel electro-optical switch.
    • To explore the use of anisotropic graphene in a photonic crystal defect.
    • To evaluate the performance of the proposed switch for optical systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Transfer Matrix Method (TMM) for optical analysis.
    • Three-Dimensional Finite-Difference Time-Domain (3D FDTD) simulations.
    • Investigation of a one-dimensional photonic crystal with a defect containing anisotropic graphene sheets.

    Main Results:

    • A sharp transmission peak with a high quality factor (5000) at 1552.4 nm.
    • Successful switching operation by applying an external voltage to the anisotropic graphene sheets.
    • Achieved a high extinction ratio (14.26 dB) and low insertion loss (0.18 dB).
    • Low switching voltage (4.68 V) and energy consumption (226 fJ/bit).
    • High 3 dB bandwidth (17.5 GHz).

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed electro-optical switch demonstrates excellent performance characteristics.
    • The device is suitable for high-speed optical systems due to its high bandwidth and low energy consumption.
    • Anisotropic graphene integrated into photonic crystal defects offers a promising platform for advanced optical switching applications.