Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Dynamic Valence-State-Adaptive Ta Single-Atom Sites for Artificial H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Photosynthesis.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

[Research and Countermeasure Analysis on the Classification of Brain-Computer Interface Rehabilitation Medical Devices].

Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation·2026

Same author

KRT18 promotes the high-grade meningioma proliferation by interacting with LDHA to activate glycolysis and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Cancer letters·2026

Same author

A long-lived ruthenium(II) complex-based time-gated luminescent probe for background-free detection of hydrazine hydrate.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same author

Coating-Integrated Joule Heating Architecture for Energy-Efficient Hydrogen Release from Chemical Carriers.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

Correction to "Dense Platinum-Based Intermetallic Nanoparticles Confined into Hollow Mesoporous Carbon for Durable High-Power Heavy-Duty Fuel Cells".

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same journal

Ordered Polar Topological Domains Enabling Giant Second-Harmonic Generation in Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystals.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

Dual-Functional Alumina Additive Enabling Efficient, Volumetric Mechanoluminescence for Nighttime Safety Footwear.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

Phase Transformation Accompanied by Evolution of Internal Stress and the Coupling Mechanism of Chemical-Mechanical Degradation in Single-Crystal NiRich Cathodes.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

Zwitterionic Polymer Electrolytes With Dipole-Rotation-Assisted Ion Conduction for Solid Lithium Metal Batteries.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

3D-Printed Ultra-Thin Solid Polymer Electrolytes with Superior Dielectric Properties for Wide Temperature Range All-Solid-State Batteries.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

Electrostatic Potential Tuning by Low-Volatility Halogenated Additive: Boosting PTQ10-Based Binary OPV to Near 20% Efficiency with High Scalability.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Published on: October 5, 2019

Strain Engineering: A Boosting Strategy for Photocatalysis.

Yingxuan Miao^1,2, Yunxuan Zhao¹, Shuai Zhang¹

¹Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|March 19, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Strain engineering optimizes photocatalysts by tuning their electronic structure for improved solar-to-chemical conversion. This review explores strain effects, material creation, and applications in photocatalysis for energy and environmental solutions.

Keywords:

d-band model lattice strain photocatalysis strain engineering

More Related Videos

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Published on: February 11, 2016

CO2 Photoreduction to CH4 Performance Under Concentrating Solar Light

CO2 Photoreduction to CH4 Performance Under Concentrating Solar Light

Published on: June 12, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Published on: October 5, 2019

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Published on: February 11, 2016

CO2 Photoreduction to CH4 Performance Under Concentrating Solar Light

CO2 Photoreduction to CH4 Performance Under Concentrating Solar Light

Published on: June 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Environmental Science

Background:

Photocatalysis is crucial for energy and environmental solutions, but efficiency is limited by suboptimal photocatalyst bandgaps and electronic structures.
Strain engineering offers a method to precisely control material properties, presenting a novel approach to enhance photocatalytic performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of recent advances in strain engineering for photocatalysts.
To summarize potential applications of strain engineering in photocatalysis.
To discuss future challenges and opportunities in strain-promoted photocatalysis.

Main Methods:

Review of fundamental strain effects on material properties.
Exploration of methods for creating strained materials.
Summary of characterization and simulation techniques for strain levels.
Analysis of existing literature on strain engineering in photocatalysis.

Main Results:

Strain engineering can effectively tailor the bandgap and electronic structure of photocatalysts.
This approach offers a promising avenue for boosting solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency.
Potential applications span various photocatalytic processes, including energy conversion and pollutant degradation.

Conclusions:

Strain engineering is a powerful tool for developing next-generation photocatalysts with tailored electronic structures.
Future research should focus on controllable strain creation, decoupling strain effects, and refining theoretical frameworks for strain-promoted photocatalysis.