Disabled Throwing Shoulder: 2021 Update: Part 2-Pathomechanics and Treatment

Area of Science:

• Sports Medicine
• Orthopedics
• Biomechanics

Background:

• The disabled throwing shoulder (DTS) is a complex condition affecting athletes.
• Understanding its pathomechanics and treatment is vital for sports healthcare specialists.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide updated expert consensus on the disabled throwing shoulder (DTS).
• To address key areas including pathomechanics, diagnosis, surgical, and rehabilitation strategies.

Main Methods:

• A panel of experts convened to discuss and reach consensus on DTS.
• Information was gathered through expert presentations, editing, and group agreement.

Main Results:

• Internal impingement results from scapular protraction and humeral head translation.
• Clinically significant labral injuries can occur anywhere around the glenoid, most commonly posteriorly.
• Meticulous history, physical examination, and kinetic chain assessment are essential for diagnosis.
• Surgery requires specific techniques avoiding capsular constraint.
• Rehabilitation must address kinetic chain deficits and develop proper throwing mechanics.
• Injury risk modification necessitates individualized athlete workload management.

Conclusions:

• A comprehensive, multi-faceted approach is required for managing the disabled throwing shoulder.
• Individualized assessment and treatment plans are critical for successful outcomes and injury prevention.