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Related Concept Videos

Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

65.3K
Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
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Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

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Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
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Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

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Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
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Introduction to Virus01:28

Introduction to Virus

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Viruses are unique biological entities that blur the boundary between living and non-living systems. Although they lack cellular structure and metabolic processes, they can exhibit characteristics of life when infecting a host. Their defining feature is a nucleic acid core, composed of either DNA or RNA, encapsulated within a protein coat called a capsid. This simple structure allows them to invade host cells and use their machinery for replication efficiently.Viral Structure and...
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Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

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RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
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Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

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Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
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Generation and Assembly of Virus-Specific Nucleocapsids of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus
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Generation and Assembly of Virus-Specific Nucleocapsids of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

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Structures of pseudorabies virus capsids.

Guosong Wang1,2, Zhenghui Zha1,2, Pengfei Huang1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.

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|March 23, 2022
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This summary is machine-generated.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) causes significant swine losses and may infect humans. This study reveals the PRV capsid structure, aiding in developing new herpesvirus therapeutics.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Structural Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a significant pathogen in swine, causing substantial economic losses.
  • Emerging evidence suggests PRV can infect humans, causing viral encephalitis and highlighting the need for therapeutics.
  • Currently, no effective treatments exist for PRV infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the near-atomic structures of the PRV A-capsid and C-capsid.
  • To elucidate the molecular interactions between capsid subunits and assembly mechanisms.
  • To provide a structural basis for developing novel antiviral agents against PRV.

Main Methods:

  • Near-atomic cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) of PRV A-capsid and C-capsid.
  • Structural analysis of capsid subunit interactions.
  • Comparative structural analysis with other herpesviruses.

Main Results:

  • Near-atomic structures of PRV A-capsid and C-capsid were resolved.
  • The interaction between PRV capsid subunits was illustrated.
  • The C-capsid portal complex was observed to be decorated with capsid-associated tegument complexes.
  • PRV capsid structure shares similarities with α-herpesviruses, with unique features of β- and γ-herpesviruses.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides detailed molecular insights into the PRV capsid structure and assembly.
  • Understanding PRV capsid structure is crucial for developing targeted therapeutics.
  • This research may pave the way for novel oncolytic agents and treatments for PRV and related herpesviruses.