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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

231
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
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Breathing01:05

Breathing

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The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
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Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

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Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

152
Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
152
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

923
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
923
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

273
Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Neonates.

Indira Chandrasekar1, Mary Anne Tablizo2,3, Manisha Witmans4

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, CA 94305, USA.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious condition in newborns, potentially leading to severe health issues if untreated. Early diagnosis and tailored treatments are crucial for affected infants.

Keywords:
infantsneonatesobstructive sleep apneaupper airway obstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Neonates possess unique anatomical and physiological characteristics increasing their risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • While overall prevalence is unknown, neonatal OSA is more common in infants with craniofacial, neurological, or airway malformations.
  • Untreated neonatal OSA can impede growth, cause cardiovascular problems, and be life-threatening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic and treatment considerations for neonatal obstructive sleep apnea.
  • To underscore the potential health consequences and healthcare utilization associated with neonatal OSA.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on polysomnography and direct airway visualization.
  • Treatment strategies are individualized based on OSA severity and comorbidities.
  • Management may involve medical and surgical interventions.

Main Results:

  • Neonatal OSA requires specialized diagnostic approaches.
  • Treatment plans are tailored to individual infant needs.
  • Infants with OSA are anticipated to have higher healthcare utilization.

Conclusions:

  • Recognizing and treating neonatal OSA is critical for preventing adverse outcomes.
  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate interventions can mitigate risks associated with neonatal sleep apnea.
  • Further research into prevalence and long-term impacts is warranted.