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Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
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Distinguishing Evolutionary Conservation from Derivedness.

Jason Cheok Kuan Leong1, Masahiro Uesaka2, Naoki Irie1,3

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary conservation and derivedness are distinct concepts crucial for understanding organismal evolution. A new transcriptomic derivedness index reveals echinoderm embryos are less derived than previously thought.

Keywords:
derivednessevo-devoevolutionary conservationphenotypic evolution

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Evolutionary conservation explains shared ancestral traits but can be misused to assess evolutionary change.
  • Derivedness, the degree of change from a common ancestor, encompasses novel or lost traits, differing from conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To distinguish between evolutionary conservation and derivedness for a clearer understanding of phenotypic and organismal evolution.
  • To introduce a novel molecular method for quantifying phenotypic derivedness.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the "transcriptomic derivedness index" using whole-embryonic transcriptomes as a molecular phenotype.
  • Applied the method to analyze the transcriptomic derivedness of echinoderm and chordate embryos.

Main Results:

  • The transcriptomic derivedness index quantifies evolutionary changes beyond conserved traits.
  • Echinoderm embryos, despite common assumptions, show transcriptomic derivedness comparable to chordate embryos.
  • Conservation-focused methods may underestimate evolutionary changes in certain lineages.

Conclusions:

  • Distinguishing conservation from derivedness is essential for accurate evolutionary assessments.
  • The transcriptomic derivedness index offers a quantitative molecular approach to measure phenotypic evolution.
  • Future derivedness-oriented methods could identify traits with high or low evolvability.