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A new study explores perpetual time reversal in quantum systems. Researchers identified "out-of-time-ordered" (OTO) crystals that exhibit perpetual quantum scrambling, potentially reversing the arrow of time.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Statistical Physics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • The arrow of time and irreversibility are fundamental concepts in physics.
  • Out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) are key indicators of quantum scrambling and the arrow of time.
  • Understanding conditions for perpetual time reversal in many-body systems remains an open question.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the possibility of spontaneous, perpetual reversal of the arrow of time in many-body quantum systems.
  • To determine if spatially ordered, perpetual out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC) oscillations can exist.
  • To identify novel quantum systems exhibiting these properties, termed "out-of-time-ordered" (OTO) crystals.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a rigorous lower bound for OTOC oscillation amplitudes using a local dynamical algebra.
  • Identified criteria for systems exhibiting perpetual OTOC oscillations and Hilbert space fragmentation.
  • Analyzed the stability of these phenomena under local unitary and dissipative perturbations.

Main Results:

  • Established a novel local dynamical algebra that rigorously identifies OTO crystals.
  • Demonstrated that OTO crystals, signaling perpetual quantum scrambling, require more than few-body dynamics.
  • Showed that the Creutz ladder serves as a physical realization of an OTO crystal, perpetually reversing its arrow of time.

Conclusions:

  • OTO crystals represent a novel state of matter exhibiting perpetual reversal of the arrow of time.
  • The identified algebra and its stability ensure the robustness of OTO crystals against perturbations.
  • This work opens new avenues for exploring fundamental questions about time's directionality in quantum mechanics.