Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 29, 2025
07:15
Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation
Published on: January 16, 2019
11.1K
Advances in sports genomics
Ildus I Ahmetov1, Elliott C R Hall2, Ekaterina A Semenova3
1Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia; Sports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Institute of Physical Culture, St Petersburg, Russia.
Advances in Clinical Chemistry
|March 26, 2022
Summary
Sports genomics identifies genetic markers for athletic performance and injury risk. Research has identified 220 DNA polymorphisms linked to athlete status and 29 for soft-tissue injuries, aiding talent identification and personalized training.
Area of Science:
- Sports genomics
- Human genetics
- Exercise physiology
Background:
- Sports genomics investigates the genetic basis of athletic performance and injury susceptibility.
- Both genetic and environmental factors are crucial in determining athletic phenotypes.
- Advances in genetic research are refining our understanding of these factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To update the scientific community on genetic markers associated with athlete status and soft-tissue injuries.
- To highlight recent research, including whole genome sequencing and genome-wide association studies.
- To identify promising genetic markers for endurance, power, strength, and injury prevention.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific literature, including whole genome sequencing (WGS) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
- Analysis of collaborative projects and meta-analyses.
- Identification and compilation of significant DNA polymorphisms (genetic markers).
Main Results:
- As of late 2020, 220 DNA polymorphisms are associated with athlete status (97 significant in multiple studies).
- These include markers for endurance (35), power (24), and strength (38).
- 29 genetic markers are linked to soft-tissue injuries, with specific promising markers identified for each category.
Conclusions:
- Sports genomics is advancing the identification of genetic markers for athletic performance and injury risk.
- While numerous markers are identified, predicting performance and injury risk accurately requires understanding hundreds or thousands of DNA polymorphisms.
- Continued research is essential for personalized training, talent identification, and injury prevention strategies.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:02Genomics
37.8K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
37.8K
01:43Incomplete Dominance
26.0K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
26.0K
01:11Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
14.5K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
14.5K
03:00Next-generation Sequencing
93.2K
The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
93.2K
02:59Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
8.2K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
8.2K
01:20The Central Dogma
28.7K
The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
28.7K