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Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Clinical Application of Single-Surgeon, Three-Port, Laparoscopic Resection for Colorectal Cancer with Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction
Published on: March 24, 2023
Surgical Principles of Rectal Cancer
Ebram Salama1, Jessica Holland1, Marylise Boutros2
1Department of Surgery, McGill University, 1650 Cedar Avenue, L9.424, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada.
Abstract:
This article reviews the oncological principles of rectal cancer surgery, beginning with an overview of the pertinent rectal and pelvic anatomy, followed by a discussion of the historical evolution in surgical management. Evidence supporting current practices with respect to proximal, distal, and circumferential margins are reviewed. Finally, operative approaches to restorative proctectomies and abdominoperineal resections are highlighted.
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